PHYLLOSTOMID BATS
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The Ecology and Evolution of Nectar Feeders

6/12/2020

2 Comments

 

Nathan Muchhala and Marco Tschapka

One-quarter (56) of the species of Phyllostomidae have adapted to a primarily nectarivorous diet and serve as pollinators for hundreds of species of flowering plants.  Here we review the ecology and evolution of these bats and the flowers that rely on them.  A suite of adaptations allows them to feed from flowers efficiently, including elongated rostrums, long, extensible tongues, reduced dentition, well-developed olfaction and spatial memory, and the ability to hover.  These adaptations evolved independently in two phyllostomid subfamilies, the Lonchophyllinae and the Glossophaginae, which differ profoundly in their tongue morphology and nectar-feeding behavior: glossophagines have mop-like tongues with papillae covering the distal tip and lap nectar during flower visits, while lonchophyllines have straw-like tongues with papillae-lined grooves along the side and pull nectar through these grooves while keeping the tongue immersed in the nectar. Flowers adapted to bat pollination tend to have dull colors, strong scents, copious pollen and nectar production, and particularly well-exposed flowers.  Despite heavy reliance on these flowers, nectar bats will often feed opportunistically on insects and fruit as well, particularly during times of the year when flowers are scarce. However, dietary data are still lacking for many species.  More research is also needed to better understand how nectar bats locate flowers, in terms of the degree to which they rely on vision, olfaction, echolocation, and spatial memory in different phases of foraging bouts.
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2 Comments
tiktok hızlı izlenme satın al link
8/2/2022 04:55:44 am

Tiktok İzlenme satın alma hizmetleri tiktok hesabınızın büyümesi için en mantıklı adım olacak. Bu sayede hesabınız kısa sürede büyüyecek ve popüler bir hesap haline gelebileceksiniz. Üstelik güvenli ödeme yöntemleri ile hesabınız asla tehlikeye düşmeyecek.

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Alanya transfer link
8/9/2022 05:16:39 am

Çok güzel bir konu teşekkür ederim. https://www.alanyagroup.com/

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    Theodore H. Fleming, Liliana M. Dávalos, & Marco A. R. Mello

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    Keywords

    All
    Adaptation
    Adaptive Radiation
    Aerodynamics
    Agribusiness
    Andes
    Animalivorous
    Basal Metabolic Rate
    Bat Conservation
    Bat Ecology
    Bat Pollination
    Behavioral Ecology
    Biodiversity
    BioGeoBEARS
    Biogeography
    Biological Diversity
    Biomechanics
    Body Size
    Brain Evolution
    Brazil
    Canines
    Cave Protection
    Chiropterophily
    Classification
    Climatic Changes
    Coevolution
    Community Ecology
    Community Structure
    Conservation
    Continuous Character Optimization
    Cooperation
    Desmodus
    Diaemus
    Diet
    Dietary Shifts
    Dietary Specialization
    Diet Selection
    Digestive Physiology
    Diphylla
    Dispersal
    Diversification
    Diversity Gradients
    Drift
    Echolocation
    Ecological Networks
    Ecological Niche Modeling
    Ecological Theory Of Adaptive Radiation
    Education
    Elastin
    Emerging Diseases
    Emerging Threats
    Evolutionary Mechanisms
    Excretory Physiology
    Extrinsic Threats
    Female Choice
    Flight
    Foraging Ecology
    Foraging Strategy
    Forest Loss
    Fossils
    Frugivory
    Generalist
    Geological Changes
    Gleaning Insectivory
    Gondwana
    Great American Interchange
    Habitat Loss
    Interaction Networks
    Intestinal Enzymes
    Kidney Structure
    Life History Theory
    Lonchorhina
    Longevity
    Male Competition
    Metabolic Physiology
    Micronycterinae
    Monestrus
    Morphology
    Movement Ecology
    Musculoskeletal
    Nectarivory
    Neotropics
    Network Science
    Neuroanatomy
    New World
    Noctilionoidea
    Ornstein-Uhlenbeck Models
    Oxidative Metabolism
    Past Character Displacement
    Phyletic Trends
    Phyllostomidae
    Phyllostominae
    Phylogenetic Constraints
    Phylogeny
    Polyestrus
    Predator
    Roost Disturbance
    Roosting Behavior
    Roosts
    Sanguinivory
    Sensory
    Sensory Systems
    Sexual Selection
    Size At Birth
    Skin
    Specialization
    Speciation
    Species Description
    Species Interactions
    Sperm Competition
    Taxonomic Discovery
    Trophic Level
    Wing Morphology
    Wings

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