PHYLLOSTOMID BATS
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Population Biology

6/12/2020

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Theodore H. Fleming and Angela M. G. Martino

Many phyllostomid species, especially frugivores in subfamilies Carolliinae and Stenodermatinae, are common members of neotropical mammal communities. As in other animals, population sizes of these bats reflect the size of their resource base – large for fruit and much smaller for nectar and animal prey. Colony sizes are correlated with the size of their roost structures – larger in cave or cave-like roosts – the most common roost type in these bats – and much smaller in tree or foliage roosts. Stenodermatines and animalivorous species live in smaller colonies than most other phyllostomids. From a landscape perspective, phyllostomid populations occur either in a few relatively large colonies in widely scattered caves or in many smaller, more closely spaced colonies in trees, including foliage. Colony size in many species often changes seasonally in response to changes in resource availability and reproductive activities. Because of their low reproductive output, growth rates of most phyllostomid populations are low, and many species likely live at their habitat’s carrying capacity as set by resource levels and roost availability. Some species, usually plant-visitors, undergo altitudinal or latitudinal migrations. Most phyllostomid populations harbor substantial amounts of genetic variation, and the extent of genetic subdivision between populations (or metapopulations) tends to be low. Habitat destruction or fragmentation, widespread in the Neotropics, will undoubtedly have important consequences for phyllostomid populations with animalivorous species being more strongly affected negatively than plant-visiting species because of their smaller population sizes and lower mobility in fragmented landscapes.
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    Keywords

    All
    Adaptation
    Adaptive Radiation
    Aerodynamics
    Agribusiness
    Andes
    Animalivorous
    Basal Metabolic Rate
    Bat Conservation
    Bat Ecology
    Bat Pollination
    Behavioral Ecology
    Biodiversity
    BioGeoBEARS
    Biogeography
    Biological Diversity
    Biomechanics
    Body Size
    Brain Evolution
    Brazil
    Canines
    Cave Protection
    Chiropterophily
    Classification
    Climatic Changes
    Coevolution
    Community Ecology
    Community Structure
    Conservation
    Continuous Character Optimization
    Cooperation
    Desmodus
    Diaemus
    Diet
    Dietary Shifts
    Dietary Specialization
    Diet Selection
    Digestive Physiology
    Diphylla
    Dispersal
    Diversification
    Diversity Gradients
    Drift
    Echolocation
    Ecological Networks
    Ecological Niche Modeling
    Ecological Theory Of Adaptive Radiation
    Education
    Elastin
    Emerging Diseases
    Emerging Threats
    Evolutionary Mechanisms
    Excretory Physiology
    Extrinsic Threats
    Female Choice
    Flight
    Foraging Ecology
    Foraging Strategy
    Forest Loss
    Fossils
    Frugivory
    Generalist
    Geological Changes
    Gleaning Insectivory
    Gondwana
    Great American Interchange
    Habitat Loss
    Interaction Networks
    Intestinal Enzymes
    Kidney Structure
    Life History Theory
    Lonchorhina
    Longevity
    Male Competition
    Metabolic Physiology
    Micronycterinae
    Monestrus
    Morphology
    Movement Ecology
    Musculoskeletal
    Nectarivory
    Neotropics
    Network Science
    Neuroanatomy
    New World
    Noctilionoidea
    Ornstein-Uhlenbeck Models
    Oxidative Metabolism
    Past Character Displacement
    Phyletic Trends
    Phyllostomidae
    Phyllostominae
    Phylogenetic Constraints
    Phylogeny
    Polyestrus
    Predator
    Roost Disturbance
    Roosting Behavior
    Roosts
    Sanguinivory
    Sensory
    Sensory Systems
    Sexual Selection
    Size At Birth
    Skin
    Specialization
    Speciation
    Species Description
    Species Interactions
    Sperm Competition
    Taxonomic Discovery
    Trophic Level
    Wing Morphology
    Wings

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